activate_plugin( string $plugin, string $redirect = '', bool $network_wide = false, bool $silent = false )

function activate_plugin( $plugin, $redirect = '', $network_wide = false, $silent = false ) {
	$plugin = plugin_basename( trim( $plugin ) );

	if ( is_multisite() && ( $network_wide || is_network_only_plugin($plugin) ) ) {
		$network_wide = true;
		$current = get_site_option( 'active_sitewide_plugins', array() );
		$_GET['networkwide'] = 1; // Back compat for plugins looking for this value.
	} else {
		$current = get_option( 'active_plugins', array() );
	}

	$valid = validate_plugin($plugin);
	if ( is_wp_error($valid) )
		return $valid;

	if ( ( $network_wide && ! isset( $current[ $plugin ] ) ) || ( ! $network_wide && ! in_array( $plugin, $current ) ) ) {
		if ( !empty($redirect) )
			wp_redirect(add_query_arg('_error_nonce', wp_create_nonce('plugin-activation-error_' . $plugin), $redirect)); // we'll override this later if the plugin can be included without fatal error
		ob_start();
		wp_register_plugin_realpath( WP_PLUGIN_DIR . '/' . $plugin );
		$_wp_plugin_file = $plugin;
		include_once( WP_PLUGIN_DIR . '/' . $plugin );
		$plugin = $_wp_plugin_file; // Avoid stomping of the $plugin variable in a plugin.

		if ( ! $silent ) {
			/**
			 * Fires before a plugin is activated.
			 *
			 * If a plugin is silently activated (such as during an update),
			 * this hook does not fire.
			 *
			 * @since WP-2.9.0
			 *
			 * @param string $plugin       Path to the main plugin file from plugins directory.
			 * @param bool   $network_wide Whether to enable the plugin for all sites in the network
			 *                             or just the current site. Multisite only. Default is false.
			 */
			do_action( 'activate_plugin', $plugin, $network_wide );

			/**
			 * Fires as a specific plugin is being activated.
			 *
			 * This hook is the "activation" hook used internally by register_activation_hook().
			 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$plugin`, refers to the plugin basename.
			 *
			 * If a plugin is silently activated (such as during an update), this hook does not fire.
			 *
			 * @since WP-2.0.0
			 *
			 * @param bool $network_wide Whether to enable the plugin for all sites in the network
			 *                           or just the current site. Multisite only. Default is false.
			 */
			do_action( "activate_{$plugin}", $network_wide );
		}

		if ( $network_wide ) {
			$current = get_site_option( 'active_sitewide_plugins', array() );
			$current[$plugin] = time();
			update_site_option( 'active_sitewide_plugins', $current );
		} else {
			$current = get_option( 'active_plugins', array() );
			$current[] = $plugin;
			sort($current);
			update_option('active_plugins', $current);
		}

		if ( ! $silent ) {
			/**
			 * Fires after a plugin has been activated.
			 *
			 * If a plugin is silently activated (such as during an update),
			 * this hook does not fire.
			 *
			 * @since WP-2.9.0
			 *
			 * @param string $plugin       Path to the main plugin file from plugins directory.
			 * @param bool   $network_wide Whether to enable the plugin for all sites in the network
			 *                             or just the current site. Multisite only. Default is false.
			 */
			do_action( 'activated_plugin', $plugin, $network_wide );
		}

		if ( ob_get_length() > 0 ) {
			$output = ob_get_clean();
			return new WP_Error('unexpected_output', __('The plugin generated unexpected output.'), $output);
		}
		ob_end_clean();
	}

	return null;
}